ADDITIONAL NOTE ON RETICULATED FISH-SCALES

Fish-Scales: Representing Fuzzy Manifolds

We address the problem of automatically reconstructing m-manifolds of unknown topology from unorganized points in metric p-spaces obtained from a noisy measurement process. The point set is first approximated by a collection of oriented primitive fuzzy sets over a range of resolutions. Hierarchical multiresolution representation is then computed based on the relation of relative containment def...

An additional note on malignancy in plantar ulcers in leprosy.

Scales Tell a Story on the Stress History of Fish

Fish faced with stressful stimuli launch an endocrine stress response through activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal (HPI-) axis to release cortisol into the blood. Scientifically validated biomarkers to capture systemic cortisol exposure over longer periods of time are of utmost importance to assess chronic stress in governmental, wildlife, aquaculture and scientific settings. Her...

Under-water superoleophobicity of fish scales

Recent surge in the development of superhydrophobic/superoleophobic surfaces has been motivated by surfaces like fish scales that have hierarchical structures, which are believed to promote water or oil repellency. In this work, we show that the under-water oil repellency of fish scales is entirely due to the mucus layer formation as part of its defense mechanism, which produces unprecedented c...

Scales of fish arise from mesoderm

The trunk of fish is covered by a large variety of morphologically and structurally diverse skeletal elements, such as scales, scutes and bony plates [1]. These elements are formed from intramembraneous ossifications and are part of the integumentary skeleton [2]. Histological and developmental similarities with neural crest-derived teeth in fossil and extant vertebrates, have led to the widely...